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The papers in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. Additional papers and presentation recordings may be available online in the SPIE Digital Library at SPIEDigitalLibrary.org. The papers reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published herein as submitted. The publisher is not responsible for the validity of the information or for any outcomes resulting from reliance thereon. Please use the following format to cite material from these proceedings: Author(s), “Title of Paper,” in Optical Biopsy XVII: Toward Real-Time Spectroscopic Imaging and Diagnosis, edited by Robert R. Alfano, Stavros G. Demos, Angela B. Seddon, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 10873 (SPIE, Bellingham, WA, 2019) Seven-digit Article CID Number. ISSN: 1605-7422 ISSN: 2410-9045 (electronic) ISBN: 9781510623880 ISBN: 9781510623897 (electronic) Published by SPIE P.O. Box 10, Bellingham, Washington 98227-0010 USA Telephone +1 360 676 3290 (Pacific Time)· Fax +1 360 647 1445 Copyright © 2019, Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. Copying of material in this book for internal or personal use, or for the internal or personal use of specific clients, beyond the fair use provisions granted by the U.S. Copyright Law is authorized by SPIE subject to payment of copying fees. The Transactional Reporting Service base fee for this volume is $18.00 per article (or portion thereof), which should be paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. Payment may also be made electronically through CCC Online at copyright.com. Other copying for republication, resale, advertising or promotion, or any form of systematic or multiple reproduction of any material in this book is prohibited except with permission in writing from the publisher. The CCC fee code is 1605-7422/19/$18.00. Printed in the United States of America by Curran Associates, Inc., under license from SPIE. Publication of record for individual papers is online in the SPIE Digital Library.
Paper Numbering: Proceedings of SPIE follow an e-First publication model. A unique citation identifier (CID) number is assigned to each article at the time of publication. Utilization of CIDs allows articles to be fully citable as soon as they are published online, and connects the same identifier to all online and print versions of the publication. SPIE uses a seven-digit CID article numbering system structured as follows:
AuthorsNumbers in the index correspond to the last two digits of the seven-digit citation identifier (CID) article numbering system used in Proceedings of SPIE. The first five digits reflect the volume number. Base 36 numbering is employed for the last two digits and indicates the order of articles within the volume. Numbers start with 00, 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, 0A, 0B … 0Z, followed by 10-1Z, 20-2Z, etc. Alfano, Robert R., 0T, 1A, 1C Arce-Diego, J. L., 0N Balasundaram, Ghayathri, 0B Bang, Ole, 0X Barh, Ajanta, 0X Bharathan, G., 11 Bi, Renzhe, 0B Birkhoff, W., 0Q Bjorgan, Asgeir, 0O Burggraaf, J., 0Q Campbell, Colin J., 0R Chen, Hong, 1A Chen, Shuo, 0W Cheng, Gangge, 1A Dehghani, Hamid, 0U Delgado, Robert, 0V Demos, S. G., 1D Dijkstra, J., 0Q Dinish, U.S., 0B Dutta Gupta, Shourya, 0V Eggermont, J., 0Q Fang, Ruogu, 05 Fanjul-Vélez, F., 0N Fernandez, Cristianne, 05 Finlayson, Neil, 0R Fuerbach, A., 11 Gao, Xin, 1F Gennet, Camille, 0J Godavarty, Anuradha, 04, 05 Gregory, Christopher D., 0R Hannesschläger, Günther, 0X Henderson, Robert K., 0R Howle, Christopher R., 0U Huang, Steven H., 0V Hudson, D. D., 11 Hume, Kelly, 0V Icaza, Michael, 15 Imai, Toru, 0B Israelsen, Niels M., 0X Jackson, S. D., 11 Jain, Deepak, 0X Jain, Manu, 15 Jensen, Mikkel, 0X Jeon, Seungwan, 0B Judd, Nicolas, 15 K., Chithra, 08 Kaile, Kacie, 04 Kelp, Glen, 0V Khandavilli, Dinesh, 04 Kim, Chulhong, 0B Kopp, K., 1D Kosc, Tanya Z., 1D Kwasinski, Rebecca, 05 Leiva, Kevin, 04, 05 Li, Shenglin, 1A Liang, Qijun, 1A Lindberg, Arvid, 0J Liu, Cheng-hui, 1A Liu, Xiaogang, 0W Lozano, Priscilla, 04 Mahadevan, Jagadeesh, 04 Majewski, M. R., 11 McHugh, Thomas, 0W Mellors, Ben O. L., 0U Mieog, J. S. D., 0Q Mukherjee, Sushmita, 15 Muthukrishnan, Varalakshmi, 04 Narayanan, Sivakumar, 04 Ng, Lai Guan, 0B Olivo, Malini, 0B Pedersen, Christian, 0X Perez-Clavijo, Francisco, 05 Petersen, Christian R., 0X Pierangelo, Angelo, 0J Podoleanu, Adrian, 0X Prakasarao, Aruna, 08 Pu, Yang, 0B Randeberg, Lise L., 0O, 0Y Rehbinder, Jean, 0J Robinson, D. J., 0Q Robledo, Edwin, 04, 05 S., Vijayaraghavan, 08 Schutzman, Richard, 04, 05 Seddon, Angela B., 12 Shi, Lingyan, 0T Shvets, Gennady, 0V Singaravelu, Ganesan, 08 Sordillo, Diana C., 0T Sordillo, Laura A., 0T, 1C Sordillo, Peter P., 0T, 1C Spear, Abigail M., 0U Tidemand-Lichtenberg, Peter, 0X Usai, Andrea, 0R Vahrmeijer, A. L., 0Q Vanel, Jean-Charles, 0J van Manen, L., 0Q Viswanathan, Mohan, 04 Vizet, Jérémy, 0J Wang, Lihong, 0B Woodward, R. I., 11 Wu, Binlin, 15, 1A, 1F Wu, Wensong, 04 Yu, Xinguang, 1A Zhang, Chunyuan, 1A Zhang, Lin, 1C Zhang, Mingqian, 1A Zhao, Mingyue, 1A Zhou, Yan, 1A Zhu, Ke, 1A Zong, Rui, 1A Conference CommitteeSymposium Chairs
Symposium Co-chairs
Program Track Chairs
Conference Chairs
Conference Program Committee
Session Chairs
IntroductionThe SPIE Photonics West Conference, Optical Biopsy, was conceived 17 years ago by Professor Alfano, the founding Conference Chair. His simple aim was, and remains, for photonic engineering and scientific development to realise the optical biopsy for real-time information on cancer and disease detection for screening, early diagnosis, and intra-operative monitoring acquiring clinically relevant data without the need for excision biopsies. Thus, to give clinicians the means to have objective medical and biological data to hand at the point of need, the better to take effective and efficient clinical decisions for curative outcomes. The optical biopsy photonic systems aimed at, ideally, should be compact and provide high resolution tissue imaging within seconds, underpinned by machine learning for diagnostic capability based on morphology or molecular recognition and ideally both. In our 2019 Optical Biopsy conference, we held two days of oral presentations and discussion. These included sessions on optical bioassay platforms, optical histology, spectroscopic methods, and SWIR (short wave infrared) and (mid-infrared) MIR methods, with lively poster sessions on both days. An average of around 70 attendees, throughout the two days, is indicative of vigorous interest from photonic engineers, scientists, and clinicians. Here follows a synopsis of key papers. Optical Bioassay Platforms included an invited talk on chip-based Raman spectroscopy for microbial sensing from Jürgen Popp (10873-1, Liebniz Institute, Jena, Germany). The WHO (World Health Organization) has stated that in heading toward a post-antibiotic era, microbial resistance is a serious worldwide threat to public health. Raman bio-assay of body-fluid may give faster, reliable, specific diagnostics to inform therapeutic decision-making. Electrophoresis is used to concentrate pathogens in a capturing unit, on-chip. Lingyan Shi (10873-8, Colombia University, United States) presented her very high standard work on SRS (stimulated Raman), with ~ 108x sensitivity of spontaneous Raman, and outstanding label-free 3D imaging; the novelty was introducing D+ for H+ to give tissue signatures in the normally cell-silent vibrational region 4-5μm wavelength. In the Optical Histology session, high standard work from Virginia University (United States) (paper 10873-10) was on multiparametric photoacoustic microscopy: PAM, which has a unique niche giving label-free imaging with hemoglobin contrast to similar depth as OCT. With a pulsed laser to excite tissue, the absorption gives transient heating and thermoelastic expansion with acoustic emission, for instance, to track brain vasculature (brain cells are invisible to PAM) after stroke. Day two featured Spectroscopic Methods with innovative, high performance instrumentation for Mueller polarimetric imaging in vivo (10873-18, from Ecole Polytechnique and Strasburg University, France) across the visible with multispectral images, wide field, low error, fast acquisition 1-2 s and compact system. Impressive imaging in a hospital setting of cancer margins; collagen orientation is being detected using liquid crystal alignment. The SWIR and MIR Methods session began with Laura Sordillo (City College of New York, United States, paper 10873-28) who reviewed the state-of-the-art in SWIR, the 4 NIR windows: 650-950 nm, 1100-1350 nm, 1600-1870 nm (so-called: ‘Golden Window’) and 2100-2300 nm. Light scattering through these windows ranges from none (ballistic photons), to weak (snake-like quasi) to multiple scatter (diffuse scattering). The brain is lipid-rich and 1700 nm is the preferred imaging wavelength. InGaAs IR CCD array suits the third window, which fields the deepest penetration of radiation to see hard wire below chicken tissue. The use of supercontinuum laser for high power, broadband confocal microscopy was discussed. Next up was paper 10873-29 from Birmingham University (United Kingdom) presented by Chris R. Howle; the mod-infrared for wound healing from military injuries like a blast pressure wave, shrapnel, victim-hits-object and flash-burn. FT-(Fourier transform)-IR spectroscopy followed amide B at 3200 cm-1 arising from Fermi resonance of the first overtone of amide II and N-H stretching. Two computational methods applied and machine learning: principal components analysis on normalised spectra, taking first derivative, was found best. For the future, a field-compact technique is being developed based on negative contrast instead of FT-IR. Impressive work by Christian Petersen, a young scientist from Denmark Technical University, was on MIR OCT based on 1.5-2.7μm MOPA laser pumping of a fluoride glass optical fibre (transparent: 0.9-4.7μm for SC output of 40mW total over 3.6-4.6 μm. For the imaging, a neat solution was to upconvert the radiation to 820-865 nm for Si detection. Tissue was imaged to 8.6μm depth and 15μm spatial resolution—a proof of concept study (10873-51). The conference was brought to a close with exciting developments in the MIR spectral domain by two invited papers. First, Stuart D. Jackson, an acknowledged leader in MIR narrow-line fibre lasers reviewed the state of the art and how this can input molecular hyperspectral imaging (Macquarie University, Australia, paper 10873-36). Finally, paper 10873-37 (Nottingham University, United Kingdom) gave an update of MIR molecular imaging using fibre MIR-SC broadband sources showing the state of the art, but still on excised tissue rather than in vivo, the ultimate goal. Robert R. Alfano Stavros G. Demos Angela B. Seddon |
