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This work presents a method to estimate average anisotropy in speed of sound of soft tissue using pulse-echo ultrasound. In particular, our setup includes a passive acoustic reflector located opposite to the ultrasound probe, with tissue in between. This enables the generation of strong reflections from which we measure their traveltimes. We use ray-based approaches to derive the forward problem that relates observed traveltimes with speed of sound anisotropy parameters. The accuracy of the forward modelling is verified using numerical wave propagation simulations. We finally show the occurrence of anisotropy in muscle tissue using in-vivo data.
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Naiara Korta Martiartu, Saule Simute, Christian Boehm, Lisa Ruby, Thomas Frauenfelder, Andreas Fichtner, Marga Rominger, Sergio J. Sanabria, "Speed-of-sound anisotropy estimation using reflector-based pulse-echo ultrasound," Proc. SPIE 11602, Medical Imaging 2021: Ultrasonic Imaging and Tomography, 116020W (15 February 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2580952