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Using an optical transmission electroabsorption modulator (T-EAM) in combination with a common image sensor and a high-power illumination source allows to build a three-dimensional (3D) imaging system based on the indirect time-of-ight (iTOF) principle. In contrast to most available iTOF systems that use specialized image sensors, in this case the EAM is doing the required demodulation at the receiver in the optical domain. A first 3D imaging setup was built and investigations on the performance of the system are reported. A high-power laser source was characterized in order to design and fabricate matched large-area T-EAMs. The fabricated modulators show extinction ratios of about 6 dB and bandwidths of up to 37MHz at 1mm2 size. 3D images taken with the prototype camera consisting of the T-EAM, the laser source, and a Raspberry Pi camera show promising results with a depth inaccuracy below 5 cm at a distance of 1 m.
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Markus Miller, Alexandar Savic, Bedouin Sassiya, Susanne Menzel, Karl Joachim Ebeling, Rainer Michalzik, "Indirect time-of-flight 3D imaging using large-area transmission modulators," Proc. SPIE 11788, Digital Optical Technologies 2021, 117880G (20 June 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594081