Purpose: The aim of this study was to observe human corneas after Photorefractive keratectomy, in vivo, using the Scanning Slit Confocal Microscope `Confoscan P4' (Tomey). Material and method: The material consists of 80 corneas of 45 patients where in vivo, non-invasive evaluation of the corneal structures was performed with a confocal microscope. The confocal microscopic examination was performed in cases after excimer laser refractive surgery and analyzed together with the type of the procedure (myopia, hyperopia and astigmatism correction), and with the patients' age and sex. The results obtained in the right and left eye of each patient after bilateral procedures were compared. The state of the cornea was analyzed in relation to follow-up time. Results: The observations consist of the structure of corneal epithelium, stromal keratocytes, topography of nerve fibers, appearance of Bowman's and Descemet's membranes and condition of endothelial cells. Conclusion: The confocal microscope allows non-invasive in vivo observations of the corneal structures and is capable of the evaluation of corneal healing after excimer laser refractive procedures.
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