Chemically responsive fluorophores exhibiting large color changes

Jeremy C. Collette; Aaron W. Harper

doi:10.1117/12.453778

4 November 2002 Chemically responsive fluorophores exhibiting large color changes

Jeremy C. Collette, Aaron W. Harper

Proceedings Volume 4809, Nanoscale Optics and Applications; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453778
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2002, Seattle, WA, United States

Abstract

The design, synthesis, and characterization of a series of styryl pyrazine derivatives as chemically responsive fluorophores are reported. These styryl pyrazines were ideal for structure-property relationship studies designed to elucidate the role of molecular symmetry, polarity, planarity and cooperative and competitive intramolecular charge transfer interactions in determining their colorimetric or fluorimetric responses. These fluorophores were designed to exhibit large changes in emission in response to changes in solvent composition or addition of various analyte species. The large solvatochromic and analyte-induced changes in their spectra were related to the nature of molecular polarization upon excitation, as well as stabilization of the excited state by the molecular environment. Several of these molecules shared the structural and electronic features common to quadupolar two-photon chromophores, and were thus expected to function as chemically responsive two-photon fluorophores, as well. Calculations of their second hyperpolarizabilities (γ(-ω;ω,-ω,ω))and comparison to known two-photon molecules showed that these molecules were expected to be exceptional two-photon active molecules.

Citation Download Citation

Jeremy C. Collette and Aaron W. Harper "Chemically responsive fluorophores exhibiting large color changes", Proc. SPIE 4809, Nanoscale Optics and Applications, (4 November 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453778

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