Co-adding techniques for image-based wavefront sensing for segmented-mirror telescopes

J. Scott Smith; David L. Aronstein; Bruce H. Dean; D. Scott Acton

doi:10.1117/12.736401

20 September 2007 Co-adding techniques for image-based wavefront sensing for segmented-mirror telescopes

J. Scott Smith, David L. Aronstein, Bruce H. Dean, D. Scott Acton

Proceedings Volume 6687, UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes: Innovative Technologies and Concepts III; 668711 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736401
Event: Optical Engineering + Applications, 2007, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

Image-based wavefront sensing algorithms are being used to characterize the optical performance for a variety of current and planned astronomical telescopes. Phase retrieval recovers the optical wavefront that correlates to a series of diversity-defocused point-spread functions (PSFs), where multiple frames can be acquired at each defocus setting. Multiple frames of data can be co-added in different ways; two extremes are in "image-plane space," to average the frames for each defocused PSF and use phase retrieval once on the averaged images, or in "pupil-plane space," to use phase retrieval on each PSF frame individually and average the resulting wavefronts. The choice of co-add methodology is particularly noteworthy for segmented-mirror telescopes that are subject to noise that causes uncorrelated motions between groups of segments. Using models and data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Testbed Telescope (TBT), we show how different sources of noise (uncorrelated segment jitter, turbulence, and common-mode noise) and different parts of the optical wavefront, segment and global aberrations, contribute to choosing the co-add method. Of particular interest, segment piston is more accurately recovered in "image-plane space" co-adding, while segment tip/tilt is recovered in "pupil-plane space" co-adding.

Citation Download Citation

J. Scott Smith, David L. Aronstein, Bruce H. Dean, and D. Scott Acton "Co-adding techniques for image-based wavefront sensing for segmented-mirror telescopes", Proc. SPIE 6687, UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes: Innovative Technologies and Concepts III, 668711 (20 September 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736401

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KEYWORDS

Wavefronts

Point spread functions

Image segmentation

Wavefront sensors

James Webb Space Telescope

Phase retrieval

Sensors

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