Light-induced autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in clinical diagnosis of skin cancer

E. Borisova; E. Pavlova; T. Kundurjiev; P. Troyanova; Ts. Genova; L. Avramov

doi:10.1117/12.2051406

8 May 2014 Light-induced autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in clinical diagnosis of skin cancer

E. Borisova, E. Pavlova, T. Kundurjiev, P. Troyanova, Ts. Genova, L. Avramov

Proceedings Volume 9129, Biophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care IV; 91291O (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051406
Event: SPIE Photonics Europe, 2014, Brussels, Belgium

Abstract

We investigated more than 500 clinical cases to receive the spectral properties of basal cell (136 patients) and squamous cell carcinoma (28), malignant melanoma (41) and different cutaneous dysplastic and benign cutaneous lesions. Excitation at 365, 385 and 405 nm using LEDs sources is applied to obtain autofluorescence spectra, and broad-band illumination in the region of 400-900 nm is used to detect diffuse reflectance spectra of all pathologies investigated. USB4000 microspectrometer (Ocean Optics Inc, USA) is applied as a detector and fiber-optic probe is used for delivery of the light. In the case of in vivo tumor measurements spectral shape and intensity changes are observed that are specific for a given type of lesion. Autofluorescence origins of the signals coming from skin tissues are mainly due to proteins, such as collagen, elastin, keratin, their cross-links, co-enzimes – NADH and flavins and endogenous porphyrins. Spectral features significant into diffuse spectroscopy diagnosis are related to the effects of re-absorption of hemoglobin and its forms, as well as melanin and its concentration in different pathologies. We developed significant database and revealed specific features for a large class of cutaneous neoplasia, using about 30 different spectral peculiarities to differentiate cutaneous tumors. Sensitivity and specificity obtained exceed 90%, which make optical biopsy very useful tool for clinical practice. These results are obtained in the frames of clinical investigations for development of significant “spectral features” database for the most common cutaneous malignant, dysplastic and benign lesions. In the forthcoming plans, our group tries to optimize the existing experimental system for optical biopsy of skin, and to introduce it and the diagnostic algorithms developed into clinical practice, based on the high diagnostic accuracy achieved.

Citation Download Citation

E. Borisova, E. Pavlova, T. Kundurjiev, P. Troyanova, Ts. Genova, and L. Avramov "Light-induced autofluorescence and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy in clinical diagnosis of skin cancer", Proc. SPIE 9129, Biophotonics: Photonic Solutions for Better Health Care IV, 91291O (8 May 2014); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2051406

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