The use of X-ray interferometry makes possible the calibration of microdisplacement transducers to precisions of around 10 pm on a relatively routine basis. Naturally, this is not achieved without careful mechanical design, especially with regard to vibration isolation and thermal stability. A facility has been constructed, and is described here, for the evaluation of this method. Its performance when operating with a single-crystal silicon monolithic interferometer is examined. In many respects the system design follows conventional patterns, for example in using a high mass base supported on active air-springs. However, as the most sensitive parts are required to have controlled motion while in operation, particular attention is paid to the active force-loops. A solenoid-based force transducer is shown to have ideal characteristics for this application.
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