Early forest fire detection using principal component analysis of infrared video

John A. Saghri; Ryan Radjabi; John T. Jacobs

doi:10.1117/12.895512

24 September 2011 Early forest fire detection using principal component analysis of infrared video

John A. Saghri, Ryan Radjabi, John T. Jacobs

Proceedings Volume 8135, Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXIV; 81351A (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895512
Event: SPIE Optical Engineering + Applications, 2011, San Diego, California, United States

Abstract

A land-based early forest fire detection scheme which exploits the infrared (IR) temporal signature of fire plume is described. Unlike common land-based and/or satellite-based techniques which rely on measurement and discrimination of fire plume directly from its infrared and/or visible reflectance imagery, this scheme is based on exploitation of fire plume temporal signature, i.e., temperature fluctuations over the observation period. The method is simple and relatively inexpensive to implement. The false alarm rate is expected to be lower that of the existing methods. Land-based infrared (IR) cameras are installed in a step-stare-mode configuration in potential fire-prone areas. The sequence of IR video frames from each camera is digitally processed to determine if there is a fire within camera's field of view (FOV). The process involves applying a principal component transformation (PCT) to each nonoverlapping sequence of video frames from the camera to produce a corresponding sequence of temporally-uncorrelated principal component (PC) images. Since pixels that form a fire plume exhibit statistically similar temporal variation (i.e., have a unique temporal signature), PCT conveniently renders the footprint/trace of the fire plume in low-order PC images. The PC image which best reveals the trace of the fire plume is then selected and spatially filtered via simple threshold and median filter operations to remove the background clutter, such as traces of moving tree branches due to wind.

Citation Download Citation

John A. Saghri, Ryan Radjabi, and John T. Jacobs "Early forest fire detection using principal component analysis of infrared video", Proc. SPIE 8135, Applications of Digital Image Processing XXXIV, 81351A (24 September 2011); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.895512

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