Optical sensing in laser machining

Igor Smurov; Maria Doubenskaia

doi:10.1117/12.820545

18 May 2009 Optical sensing in laser machining

Igor Smurov, Maria Doubenskaia

Proceedings Volume 7356, Optical Sensors 2009; 73560T (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820545
Event: SPIE Optics + Optoelectronics, 2009, Prague, Czech Republic

Abstract

Optical monitoring of temperature evolution and temperature distribution in laser machining provides important information to optimise and to control technological process under study. The multi-wavelength pyrometer is used to measure brightness temperature under the pulsed action of Nd:YAG laser on stainless steel substrates. Specially developed "notch" filters (10^-6 transparency at 1.06 μm wavelength) are applied to avoid the influence of laser radiation on temperature measurements. The true temperature is restored based on the method of multi-colour pyrometry. Temperature monitoring of the thin-walled gilded kovar boxes is applied to detect deviation of the welding seam from its optimum position. The pyrometers are used to control CO₂-laser welding of steel and Ti plates: misalignment of the welded plates, variation of the welding geometry, internal defects, deviation of the laser beam trajectory from the junction, etc. The temperature profiles along and across the welding axis are measured by the 2D pyrometer. When using multi-component powder blends in laser cladding, for example metal matrix composite with ceramic reinforcement, one needs to control temperature of the melt to avoid thermal decomposition of certain compounds (as WC) and to assure melting of the base metal (as Co). Infra-red camera FLIR Phoenix RDAS provides detailed information on distribution of brightness temperature in laser cladding zone. CCD-camera based diagnostic system is used to measure particles-in-flight velocity and size distribution.

Citation Download Citation

Igor Smurov and Maria Doubenskaia "Optical sensing in laser machining", Proc. SPIE 7356, Optical Sensors 2009, 73560T (18 May 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820545

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