Antimonide-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes for SWIR and MWIR photon counting

Erik K. Duerr; Michael J. Manfra; Mohamed A. Diagne; Robert J. Bailey; John J. Zayhowski; Joseph P. Donnelly; Michael K. Connors; Michael J. Grzesik; George W. Turner

doi:10.1117/12.851006

28 April 2010 Antimonide-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes for SWIR and MWIR photon counting

Erik K. Duerr, Michael J. Manfra, Mohamed A. Diagne, Robert J. Bailey, John J. Zayhowski, Joseph P. Donnelly, Michael K. Connors, Michael J. Grzesik, George W. Turner

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 7681, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV; 76810Q (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.851006
Event: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, 2010, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

At MIT Lincoln Laboratory, avalanche photodiodes (APDs) have been developed for both 2-μm and 3.4-μm detection using the antimonide material system. These bulk, lattice-matched detectors operate in Geiger mode at temperatures up to 160 K. The 2-μm APDs use a separate-absorber-multiplier design with an InGaAsSb absorber and electron-initiated avalanching in the multiplier. These APDs have exhibited normalized avalanche probability (product of avalanche probability and photo-carrier-injection probability) of 0.4 and dark count rates of ~150 kHz at 77 K for a 30-μm-diameter device. A 1000- element imaging array of the 2-μm detectors has been demonstrated, which operate in a 5 kg dewar with an integrated Stirling-cycle cooler. The APD array is interfaced with a CMOS readout circuit, which provides photon time-of-arrival information for each pixel, allowing the focal plane array to be used in a photon-counting laser radar system. The 3.4-μm APDs use an InAsSb absorber and hole-initiated avalanching and have shown dark count rates of ~500 kHz at 77 K but normalized avalanche probability of < 1%. Research is ongoing to determine the cause of the low avalanche probability and improve the device performance.

Citation Download Citation

Erik K. Duerr, Michael J. Manfra, Mohamed A. Diagne, Robert J. Bailey, John J. Zayhowski, Joseph P. Donnelly, Michael K. Connors, Michael J. Grzesik, and George W. Turner "Antimonide-based Geiger-mode avalanche photodiodes for SWIR and MWIR photon counting", Proc. SPIE 7681, Advanced Photon Counting Techniques IV, 76810Q (28 April 2010); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.851006

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