Lab-on-a-bubble: direct and indirect assays with portable Raman instrumentation

Keith Carron; Virginia Schmit; Brandon Scott; Richard Martoglio

doi:10.1117/12.973767

30 October 2012 Lab-on-a-bubble: direct and indirect assays with portable Raman instrumentation

Keith Carron, Virginia Schmit, Brandon Scott, Richard Martoglio

Proceedings Volume 8546, Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, and Defence VIII; 854606 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.973767
Event: SPIE Security + Defence, 2012, Edinburgh, United Kingdom

Abstract

Lab-on-a-Bubble (LoB) is a new method for SERS (Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering) assays that combines separationand concentration of the assay results. A direct LoB assay is comprised of gold nanoparticles coupled directly to the ~30 μm diameter buoyant silica bubble. The direct LoB method was evaluated with cyanide and 5,5’-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB). An indirect assay uses the same ~ 30 μm diameter buoyant silica bubble and a silica coated SERS reporter. Both the bubble and SERS reporter are coated with a coupling agent for the analyte. The assay measures the amount of SERS reporter coupled to the bubble through a sandwich created by the analyte. The couling agent could consist of an immunological coupling agent (antibody) or a nucleic acid coupling agent (single strand DNA). The indirect LoB method was examined with Cholera toxin (CT) and antibodies against the β subunit. An LOD of ~ 170 pptrillion was measured for cyanide and a limit of detection of 1100 ng was found for CT.

Instrumentation for the assay and a novel technique of dynamic SERS (DSERS) will also be discussed. The instrument is a small hand-held Raman device called the CBEx (Chemical Biological Explosive) with a novel raster system to detect heterogeneous or light sensitive materials. DSERS is a mathematical algorithm which eliminates background interference in SERS measurements with colloidal nanoparticles.

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Keith Carron, Virginia Schmit, Brandon Scott, and Richard Martoglio "Lab-on-a-bubble: direct and indirect assays with portable Raman instrumentation", Proc. SPIE 8546, Optics and Photonics for Counterterrorism, Crime Fighting, and Defence VIII, 854606 (30 October 2012); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.973767

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KEYWORDS

Nanoparticles

Raman spectroscopy

Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Silica

Gold

Cyanide

Interference (communication)

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