The whispering gallery mode (WGM) biosensor is a micro-optical platform capable of sensitive label-free detection of
biological particles. Described by the reactive sensing principle (RSP), this analytic formulation quantifies the response
of the system to the adsorption of bioparticles. Guided by the RSP, the WGM biosensor enabling from detection of virus
(e.g., Human Papillomavirus, HPV) to the ultimate goal of single protein detection. The latter was derived from insights
into the RSP, which resulted in the development of a hybrid plasmonic WGM biosensor, which has recently
demonstrated detection of individual protein cancer markers. Enhancements from bound gold nanoparticles provide the
sensitivity to detect single protein molecules (66 kDa) with good signal-to-noise (S/N > 10), and project that detection of
proteins as small as 5 kDa.
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