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Beside biomaterials, Laser phototherapy has shown positive effects as auxiliary therapy in bone repair process,
especially when involving large bone losses. The aim of this histological study was to evaluate, by light microscopy, the
influence of laser phototherapy on the repair of complete tibial fractures in rabbits treated or not with semi-rigid internal
fixation and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate - MTA graft. Twelve Rabbits were randomly divided into four groups with
three animals each. After general anesthesia, complete fractures were created in one tibia with a carborundum disk. All
animals (groups I-IV) had the fracture stabilized with semi-rigid fixation (wire osteosynthesis - WO). Group I was
routinely fixed with WO; groups II and IV fracture was filled by blood clot and MTA implant. In Groups III and IV
fracture was filled by blood clot and further irradiated with laser (λ780 nm, 70 mW, CW, Φ = 0.04 cm2, 20.4 J/cm2, per
session, t = 300s, 142.8 J/cm2 per treatment). The phototherapy protocol was applied immediately after the surgery and
repeated each 48 hours during 15 days. Animal death occurred on the 30th postoperative day. After removal of the
specimens, the samples were routinely processed, stained with HE and evaluated by light microscopy. Histologically,
the group treated with MTA graft and irradiated with laser showed the fracture filled by a more organized and mature
trabecular bone, when compared with all other groups. From the results of the present study, it may be concluded that the
association of Laser phototherapy + MTA graft in fractures treated with WO improved bone repair when compared with
fractures treated only with WO.
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