Target-specific porphyrin-loaded hybrid nanoparticles to improve photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment

Juan L. Vivero-Escoto; Daniel L. Vega

doi:10.1117/12.2252618

8 February 2017 Target-specific porphyrin-loaded hybrid nanoparticles to improve photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment

Juan L. Vivero-Escoto, Daniel L. Vega

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Proceedings Volume 10047, Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXVI; 1004713 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252618
Event: SPIE BiOS, 2017, San Francisco, California, United States

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as an alternative approach to chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment. The photosensitizer (PS) is perhaps the most critical component of PDT, and continues to be an area of intense scientific research. Traditionally, PS molecules like porphyrins have dominated the field. Nevertheless, these PS agents have several disadvantages, with low water solubility, poor light absorption, and reduced selectivity for targeted tissues being some of the main drawbacks. Polysilsesquioxane (PSilQ) nanoparticles provide an interesting platform for developing PS-loaded hybrid nanocarriers. Several advantages can be foreseen by using this platform such as carrying a large payload of PS molecules; their surface and composition can be tailored to develop multifunctional systems (e.g. target-specific); and due to their small size, nanoparticles can penetrate deep into tissues and be readily internalized by cells. In this work, porphyrin-loaded PSilQ nanoparticles with a high payload of photosensitizers were synthesized, characterized, and applied in vitro. The network of this nanomaterial is formed by porphyrin-based photosensitizers chemically connected via a redox-responsive linker. Under reducing environment such as the one found in cancer cells the nanoparticles can be degraded to efficiently release single photosensitizers in the cytoplasm. The platform was further functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and folic acid as targeting ligand to improve its biocompatibility and target specificity toward cancer cells overexpressing folate receptors. The effectiveness of this porphyrin-based hybrid nanomaterial was successfully demonstrated in vitro using MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

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Juan L. Vivero-Escoto and Daniel L. Vega "Target-specific porphyrin-loaded hybrid nanoparticles to improve photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment", Proc. SPIE 10047, Optical Methods for Tumor Treatment and Detection: Mechanisms and Techniques in Photodynamic Therapy XXVI, 1004713 (8 February 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2252618

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KEYWORDS

Nanoparticles

Photodynamic therapy

Cancer

Picosecond phenomena

In vitro testing

Molecules

Confocal microscopy

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