Fluorescence imaging is a novel intraoperative technique for guiding oncologic surgeons toward radical tumor
resections. Application of various fluorescent agents in exploratory clinical trials has already yielded promising results.
The field of fluorescence imaging must now move beyond the proof-of-concept phase toward clinical application and
implementation. This shift encompasses several hurdles, including standardization, advanced-phase study endpoints,
regulatory affairs and routine implementation, which need to be addressed by the community in close collaboration with
all stakeholders. These challenges, and the possible actions to overcome them and promote and accelerate clinical
implementation of fluorescence imaging, are summarized in this paper.
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