Propagation of action potentials arises on millisecond timescales, suggesting the need for advancement of methods capable of commensurate volume rendering for in vivo brain mapping. In practice, beam-scanning multiphoton microscopy is widely used to probe brain function, striking a balance between simplicity and penetration depth. However, conventional beam-scanning platforms generally do not provide access to full volume renderings at the speeds necessary to map propagation of action potentials. By combining a sparse sampling strategy based on Lissajous trajectory microscopy in combination with temporal multiplexing for simultaneous imaging of multiple focal planes, whole volumes of cells are potentially accessible each millisecond.
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