Holographically generated structured illumination for cell stimulation in optogenetics

Felix Schmieder; Lars Büttner; Jürgen Czarske; Maria Leilani Torres; Alexander Heisterkamp; Simon Klapper; Volker Busskamp

doi:10.1117/12.2270281

26 June 2017 Holographically generated structured illumination for cell stimulation in optogenetics

Felix Schmieder, Lars Büttner, Jürgen Czarske, Maria Leilani Torres, Alexander Heisterkamp, Simon Klapper, Volker Busskamp

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 10335, Digital Optical Technologies 2017; 1033517 (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270281
Event: SPIE Digital Optical Technologies, 2017, Munich, Germany

Abstract

In Optogenetics, cells, e.g. neurons or cardiac cells, are genetically altered to produce for example the lightsensitive protein Channelrhodopsin-2. Illuminating these cells induces action potentials or contractions and therefore allows to control electrical activity. Thus, light-induced cell stimulation can be used to gain insight to various biological processes. Many optogenetics studies, however, use only full field illumination and thus gain no local information about their specimen. But using modern spatial light modulators (SLM) in conjunction with computer-generated holograms (CGH), cells may be stimulated locally, thus enabling the research of the foundations of cell networks and cell communications. In our contribution, we present a digital holographic system for the patterned, spatially resolved stimulation of cell networks. We employ a fast ferroelectric liquid crystal on silicon SLM to display CGH at up to 1.7 kHz. With an effective working distance of 33 mm, we achieve a focus of 10 μm at a positioning accuracy of the individual foci of about 8 μm. We utilized our setup for the optogenetic stimulation of clusters of cardiac cells derived from induced pluripotent stem cells and were able to observe contractions correlated to both temporal frequency and spatial power distribution of the light incident on the cell clusters.

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Felix Schmieder, Lars Büttner, Jürgen Czarske, Maria Leilani Torres, Alexander Heisterkamp, Simon Klapper, and Volker Busskamp "Holographically generated structured illumination for cell stimulation in optogenetics", Proc. SPIE 10335, Digital Optical Technologies 2017, 1033517 (26 June 2017); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2270281

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KEYWORDS

Optogenetics

Holography

Computer generated holography

Spatial light modulators

Digital holography

Action potentials

Ferroelectric LCDs

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