Single- and three-axis geophone: footstep detection with bearing estimation, localization, and tracking

Alex Pakhomov; Albert Sicignano; Matthew Sandy; E. Tim Goldburt

doi:10.1117/12.487755

18 September 2003 Single- and three-axis geophone: footstep detection with bearing estimation, localization, and tracking

Alex Pakhomov, Albert Sicignano, Matthew Sandy, E. Tim Goldburt

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 5090, Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications V; (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.487755
Event: AeroSense 2003, 2003, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

Tactical capabilities of single and three axis geophones for seismic detection and bearing estimation for homeland security and defense applications are described. It is shown that typically three axis geophones yield a high bearing estimation error. An alternate bearing estimation approach is based on using the time delay in footstep signal detection from three triangulated single axis vertical geophones. In this approach the standard deviation of the bearing estimation error is less than 12 degrees for a walking person distance of 10 to 70m and geophone distances of 8 to 9 m. We find that using the three-axis geophone approach makes it harder for path tracking and bearing estimation within the tactical zone area. We report that a single-axis geophone approach for riangulation of walking person is more effective. In addition, road monitoring is also more efficient using a single-axis geophone approach. We compare the relative and absolute improvement of bearing estimation probability for road monitoring using three single-axis geophones versus 1, 2 and 3 three-axis geophones. We will also discuss the use of single axis vertical geophone sets for monitoring various zone sizes.

Citation Download Citation

Alex Pakhomov, Albert Sicignano, Matthew Sandy, and E. Tim Goldburt "Single- and three-axis geophone: footstep detection with bearing estimation, localization, and tracking", Proc. SPIE 5090, Unattended Ground Sensor Technologies and Applications V, (18 September 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.487755

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