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Zr:Fe:LiNbO3 crystals with various of [Li]/[Nb] ratios were grown by Czochralski technique from melts having
compositions varying between 46-58 mol% Li2O. The compositions of the growth crystals were determined by the
inductively coupled plasma technique (ICP-AES). The defect structures were analyzed by UV-vis spectroscopy. The
photorefractive properties of the Zr:Fe:LiNbO3 were investigated by using two-beam coupling experiment. The results
showed that as the [Li]/[Nb] ratio increased, the diffraction efficiency decreased, but photorefractive sensitivity
increased , and the response time decreased.
Hongchang Lin,Bin Yu,Chao Xu,Suhua Luo,Hongpeng Liu,Hongxin Shi, andXiudong Sun
"Photorefractive properties of doubly doped lithium niobate crystals with Zr and Fe", Proc. SPIE 7517, Photonics and Optoelectronics Meetings (POEM) 2009: Optical Storage and New Storage Technologies, 75170K (23 October 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.841109
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