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Electrooptic polymer waveguide modulators have demonstrated excellent characterizations including high-speed (with a bandwidth up to 100 GHz) and lower drive voltages. One key factor to achieve efficient high-speed modulation in polymer devices is to optimize the microstrip line electrodes. Theoretical simulations of microstrip electrode designs have recently been performed. Results show that an electrode 3-dB bandwidth could be significantly improved by increasing the polymer cladding layer thickness between electrodes, reducing the electrode length, or by using copper or silver instead of commonly used gold. Electrode surface flatness is also of great importance for device performance. Even a slight roughness on the electrode surface induced in processing could cause significant reduction on both electrical and optical response bandwidths.
De Yu Zang,Xuejun Meng,Weiping Lin, andJames H. Bechtel
"Optimization of microstrip electrode design for high-speed polymer electro-optic modulator", Proc. SPIE 4987, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies VII, (19 June 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.474343
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De Yu Zang, Xuejun Meng, Weiping Lin, James H. Bechtel, "Optimization of microstrip electrode design for high-speed polymer electro-optic modulator," Proc. SPIE 4987, Integrated Optics: Devices, Materials, and Technologies VII, (19 June 2003); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.474343