Maximum-likelihood estimation of optimal scaling factors for expression array normalization

Alexander J. Hartemink; David K. Gifford; Tommi S. Jaakkola; Richard A. Young

doi:10.1117/12.427981

4 June 2001 Maximum-likelihood estimation of optimal scaling factors for expression array normalization

Alexander J. Hartemink, David K. Gifford, Tommi S. Jaakkola, Richard A. Young

Proceedings Volume 4266, Microarrays: Optical Technologies and Informatics; (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.427981
Event: BiOS 2001 The International Symposium on Biomedical Optics, 2001, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Data from expression arrays must be comparable before it can be analyzed rigorously on a large scale. Accurate normalization improves the comparability of expression data because it seeks to account for sources of variation obscuring the underlying variation of interest. Undesirable variation in reported expression levels originates in the preparation and hybridization of the sample as well as in the manufacture of the array itself, and may differ depending on the array technology being employed. Published research to date has not characterized the degree of variation associated with these sources, and results are often reported without tight statistical bounds on their significance. We analyze the distributions of reported levels of exogenous control species spiked into samples applied to 1280 Affymetrix arrays. We develop a model for explaining reported expression levels under an assumption of primarily multiplicative variation. To compute the scaling factors needed for normalization, we derive maximum likelihood and maximum a posteriori estimates for the parameters characterizing the multiplicative variation in reported spiked control expression levels. We conclude that the optimal scaling factors in this context are weighted geometric means and determine the appropriate weights. The optical scaling factor estimates so computed can be used for subsequent array normalization.

Citation Download Citation

Alexander J. Hartemink, David K. Gifford, Tommi S. Jaakkola, and Richard A. Young "Maximum-likelihood estimation of optimal scaling factors for expression array normalization", Proc. SPIE 4266, Microarrays: Optical Technologies and Informatics, (4 June 2001); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.427981

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