Medium-sized grazing incidence high-energy x-ray telescopes employing continuously graded multilayers

Karsten Dan Joensen; Finn Erland Christensen; Herbert W. Schnopper; Paul Gorenstein; Jean Susini; Peter Hoghoj; Robert Hustache; James L. Wood; K. Parker

doi:10.1117/12.140479

3 February 1993 Medium-sized grazing incidence high-energy x-ray telescopes employing continuously graded multilayers

Karsten Dan Joensen, Finn Erland Christensen, Herbert W. Schnopper, Paul Gorenstein, Jean Susini, Peter Hoghoj, Robert Hustache, James L. Wood, K. Parker

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 1736, X-Ray Detector Physics and Applications; (1993) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140479
Event: San Diego '92, 1992, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

We present a concept of continuously graded multilayer structures for medium-sized x-ray telescopes which is based on several material combinations. We show that the theoretical reflectivity characteristics of these structures make them very advantageous when applied to high energy x-ray grazing incidence telescopes. We consider the performance of continuously graded Ni/C multilayers in a multi-focus, Kirkpatrick-Baez geometry and show a significant improvement when compared to standard coatings of gold. For a total length of 3.3 m, a total aperture of 48 cm by 48 cm, and 64 foci, we obtain an effective area of 250 cm² at 60 keV and a FWHM field of view of 6 feet. We also show that a modular array of conical telescopes (conical approximation to a Wolter-I geometry), with the same length and aperture provides similar effective areas. Energy-dispersive x-ray reflectivity data (15 - 70 keV) is presented for the first continuously graded multilayer of this kind.

Citation Download Citation

Karsten Dan Joensen, Finn Erland Christensen, Herbert W. Schnopper, Paul Gorenstein, Jean Susini, Peter Hoghoj, Robert Hustache, James L. Wood, and K. Parker "Medium-sized grazing incidence high-energy x-ray telescopes employing continuously graded multilayers", Proc. SPIE 1736, X-Ray Detector Physics and Applications, (3 February 1993); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.140479

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