Syntactic tools for text watermarking

Hasan M. Meral; Emre Sevinç; Ersin Ünkar; Bülent Sankur; A. Sumru Özsoy; Tunga Güngör

doi:10.1117/12.708111

2 March 2007 Syntactic tools for text watermarking

Hasan M. Meral, Emre Sevinç, Ersin Ünkar, Bülent Sankur, A. Sumru Özsoy, Tunga Güngör

Proceedings Volume 6505, Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IX; 65050X (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708111
Event: Electronic Imaging 2007, 2007, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

This paper explores the morphosyntactic tools for text watermarking and develops a syntax-based natural language watermarking scheme. Turkish, an agglutinative language, provides a good ground for the syntax-based natural language watermarking with its relatively free word order possibilities and rich repertoire of morphosyntactic structures. The unmarked text is first transformed into a syntactic tree diagram in which the syntactic hierarchies and the functional dependencies are coded. The watermarking software then operates on the sentences in syntax tree format and executes binary changes under control of Wordnet to avoid semantic drops. The key-controlled randomization of morphosyntactic tool order and the insertion of void watermark provide a certain level of security. The embedding capacity is calculated statistically, and the imperceptibility is measured using edit hit counts.

Citation Download Citation

Hasan M. Meral, Emre Sevinç, Ersin Ünkar, Bülent Sankur, A. Sumru Özsoy, and Tunga Güngör "Syntactic tools for text watermarking", Proc. SPIE 6505, Security, Steganography, and Watermarking of Multimedia Contents IX, 65050X (2 March 2007); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.708111

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