A wide variety of methods, primarily computational, are currently used to enhance images and extract information from them. With the rapid increase in the amount of data being generated, however, there is a renewed interest in all-optical methods for replacing or facilitating digital approaches to enhancing images of amplitude or phase objects. Well-established all-optical methods for real-time image processing typically require the use of comparatively bulky optical creating a roadblock for their incorporation into state-of-the-art miniaturized optical systems. Here, the use of nanophotonics for enhancing images of amplitude and phase objects will be presented. A particular focus will be systems that exhibit an asymmetric optical transfer function permitting a broader range of processing operations and contrast enhancement strategies than accessible with symmetric systems.
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