During the 1980s, the medical community embraced titanium as the material of choice for implantable devices destined to be attached to bone. Numerous studies presented titanium’s osseointegration characteristics and further research documented the positive impact of textured, functional surfaces on osseointegration. Compared to smooth “as-machined” surfaces, texturing not only improves bone integration and thus implant stability; it also allows for the growth of supportive tissue and may even provide antibacterial advantages. Today, the gold standard for titanium implants features a textured surface on all areas where integration with bone needs to take place. These functional textured surfaces are found on diverse devices such as bone plates, hip joints, and cervical and dental implants.
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