In classical digital communications two main families of “M-ary” modulation schemes are generally distinguished: bandwidth limited and power limited. The canonical comparison of these modulation methods is based on normalized data rate (R/W) (bits per second per hertz of bandwidth) and the signal to noise rate per bit required to achieve a given error probability for different M. In a classical picture, the two families reside in two separate semi-plains R/W < 1 and
R/W > 1, i.e. energy efficiency and bandwidth efficiency cannot be optimized at the same time. However,
we find an alphabet family that can be paired with a quantum receiver to simultaneously optimize bandwidth and power efficiency of a communication channel. Particularly we found that coherent frequency shift keying (CFSK) gives rise to a family of communication protocols that are bandwidth limited in nature, but whose bandwidth usage can be optimized so that R/W>1 for a range of alphabet lengths M, while power sensitivity beats that of power-limited protocols. We will report our theoretical findings and experimental progress towards implementation of this protocol family.
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