In data centers, 100Gigabit Ethernet is being deployed and 200GbE/400GbE is expected to come in a couple of years. For optics, conventional OOK/PAM4 modulation with direct detection (DD) can only provide limited bandwidth and reach. Recently a few novel techniques such as Stokes vector receiver (SVR) and Kramers-Kronig receiver (KKR) has been proposed to further improve the system SE and/or reach. In this talk, we present a comprehensive review on various aspects of the two distinct detection schemes. We make comparison between the two schemes in terms of transceiver architecture, spectral efficiency, receiver bandwidth, and performance.
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