3D image autofocus for millimeter-wave forward-looking SAR

Lam H. Nguyen

doi:10.1117/12.2587900

12 April 2021 3D image autofocus for millimeter-wave forward-looking SAR

Lam H. Nguyen

Proceedings Volume 11745, Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XXIV; 1174504 (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2587900
Event: SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing, 2021, Online Only

Abstract

The U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has been investigating the capability of using 3-D millimeter-wave synthetic aperture radar (SAR) technology to provide navigation for aircraft through terrain and obstacles in a degraded visual environment (DVE). One of the key challenges associated with this technology is the focus quality of the 3-D millimeter-wave SAR image, which requires very-high-accuracy data from the positioning measurement system for the platform motion in the 3-D space. The level of accuracy needed is currently not achievable by state-of-the-art positioning measurement systems. Thus, an effective autofocus algorithm is critical for the success of this program. In this paper, we propose an image metric-based autofocus algorithm to address the SAR image focusing challenge associated with the Ka frequency band, our MIMO radar configuration and forward-looking 3-D geometry. The algorithm models the errors in the measured radar positioning data as the rotation and translation parameters of the MIMO antenna frame in 3-D space. The algorithm solves an optimization problem that maximizes the specified SAR image metric. We evaluate the proposed algorithm and compare its performance with the Phase Gradient Autofocus (PGA) algorithm using both linear side-looking SAR and our proposed forward-looking 3-D SAR geometries.

Citation Download Citation

Lam H. Nguyen "3D image autofocus for millimeter-wave forward-looking SAR", Proc. SPIE 11745, Passive and Active Millimeter-Wave Imaging XXIV, 1174504 (12 April 2021); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2587900

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KEYWORDS

Synthetic aperture radar

3D image processing

Image quality

3D metrology

Analytical research

Computer simulations

Device simulation

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