Underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

HeLu Zhang

doi:10.1117/12.2668965

24 March 2023 Underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

HeLu Zhang

Proceedings Volume 12611, Second International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed 2022); 126111H (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668965
Event: International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed2022), 2022, Oxford, United Kingdom

Abstract

In recent years, there have been similar reports of cognitive deficit, psychotic symptoms and decreased sleep spindle in schizophrenia patients and bipolar disorder patients. Hence, these similar features among schizophrenia and bipolar disorder seem to imply those two disorders share similar underlying mechanisms. However, few studies have paid attention to the underlying mechanism of these two diseases. In this review, we will provide molecular evidence to prove that glutamate is the neurotransmitter related to schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Then, this review presents evidence that altered glutamate can lead to the abnormal function of two networks in the thalamus. Those two altered pathways are related to the impairment of cognitive function, psychotic symptoms and altered sleep spindle. The first pathway is the prefrontal-striatal-cerebellar that is associated with deficit cognitive function. The second is thalamic cortex feedback loop, which is related to sleep spindle, cognitive impairment and psychosis in patients with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. In this article, we will review that the excessive release of glutamate may cause the altered prefrontal-striatal-cerebellar pathway and thalamocortical pathway, leading to psychotic symptoms, cognitive deficit and reduced density of sleep spindle.

Citation Download Citation

HeLu Zhang "Underlying mechanisms of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder", Proc. SPIE 12611, Second International Conference on Biological Engineering and Medical Science (ICBioMed 2022), 126111H (24 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2668965

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