Adaptive optics and efficient light collection is critical in astronomy, optical communications, remote sensing, and optical beam manipulation to correct distortions caused by propagation through media like the Earth’s atmosphere or living tissue. Current systems are limited by their light collection efficiency and wavefront sensors, which need to be in an optical plane non-common to the science image and insensitive to certain wavefront-error modes. A relatively new waveguide technology that, by its intrinsic working mechanism, can give significant information of the light intensity and phase at its input based on its optical transmission is the photonic lantern. This technology forms a low-loss interface between a multimode waveguide and a set of few-mode and/or single-mode waveguides. We present the photonic lantern technology and a proof of concept of a focal plane low-order wavefront sensor based on a 19-core multicore photonic lantern and deep learning, while also presenting a new ¨hybrid¨ design and platform for those applications.
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