Co-packaging of optics and electronics is essential to alleviating scaling bottlenecks in short-reach high-bandwidth applications such as datacenter links and interconnections. One transmit-side solution includes a shared WDM or gray optics laser source and dense arrays of high-speed, low power consumption modulators. With this in mind, we have demonstrated high-speed NRZ and PAM-4 direct detection links based on surface normal electro-absorption modulators (SNEAMs). SNEAMs are particularly attractive for co-packaged optics and other short-reach applications due to their low power consumption, high-speed, polarization independence, wide operating wavelength band, and small footprint. Here we describe short-reach transmission studies of SNEAMs at baud rates up to 80 Gbaud (160 Gbps PAM-4) and over optical bands spanning up to 32 nm. We show the potential for dense modulator arrays with a proof-of-concept experiment that integrates a 4-channel array of SNEAMs with a 4-channel array of electronic drivers. We also report a demonstration of SNEAMs as remote modulators in a centrally-sourced WDM passive optical network.
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