Out-of-distribution data supervision towards biomedical semantic segmentation

Yiquan Gao; Duohui Xu

doi:10.1117/12.3052988

3 January 2025 Out-of-distribution data supervision towards biomedical semantic segmentation

Yiquan Gao, Duohui Xu

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 13442, Fifth International Conference on Signal Processing and Computer Science (SPCS 2024); 1344208 (2025) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3052988
Event: Fifth International Conference on Signal Processing and Computer Science (SPCS 2024), 2024, Kaifeng, China

Abstract

Biomedical segmentation networks easily suffer from the unexpected misclassification between foreground and background objects when learning on limited and imperfect medical datasets. Inspired by the strong power of Out-of-Distribution (OoD) data on other visual tasks, we propose a data-centric framework, Med-OoD to address this issue by introducing OoD data supervision into fully-supervised biomedical segmentation with none of the following needs: (i) external data sources, (ii) feature regularization objectives, (iii) additional annotations. Our method can be seamlessly integrated into segmentation networks without any modification on the architectures. Extensive experiments show that Med-OoD largely prevents various segmentation networks from the pixel misclassification on medical images and achieves considerable performance improvements on Lizard dataset. We also present an emerging learning paradigm of training a medical segmentation network completely using OoD data devoid of foreground class labels, surprisingly turning out 76.1% mIoU as test result. We hope this learning paradigm will attract people to rethink the roles of OoD data. Code is made available at https://github.com/StudioYG/Med-OoD.

(2025) Published by SPIE. Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.

Citation Download Citation

Yiquan Gao and Duohui Xu "Out-of-distribution data supervision towards biomedical semantic segmentation", Proc. SPIE 13442, Fifth International Conference on Signal Processing and Computer Science (SPCS 2024), 1344208 (3 January 2025); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3052988

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KEYWORDS

Image segmentation

Education and training

Semantics

Machine learning

Medical imaging

Biomedical optics

Connective tissue

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