Spatially varying scatter compensation for chest radiographs using a hybrid Madaline artificial neural network

Joseph Y. Lo; Alan H. Baydush; Carey E. Floyd Jr.

doi:10.1117/12.175095

11 May 1994 Spatially varying scatter compensation for chest radiographs using a hybrid Madaline artificial neural network

Joseph Y. Lo, Alan H. Baydush, Carey E. Floyd Jr.

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 2167, Medical Imaging 1994: Image Processing; (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.175095
Event: Medical Imaging 1994, 1994, Newport Beach, CA, United States

Abstract

We developed a hybrid artificial neural network for scatter compensation in digital portable chest radiographs. The network inputs an image region of interest (ROI), and outputs the scatter estimate at the ROI's center. We segmented each image into four regions by relative detected exposure, then trained a separate Adaline (adaptive linear element) or adaptive filter for each region. We produced a spatially varying hybrid Madaline (mulitple Adaline) by combining outputs from weight matrices of different sizes trained for different durations. The network was trained with 20 patient or 1280 examples, then evaluated with another 5 patients or 320 examples. Scatter estimation errors were not very different, ranging from the Adaline's 6.9 percent to the hybrid Madaline's 5.5 percent. Primary errors (more relevant to quantitative radiography techniques like dual energy imaging) were 43 percent for the Adaline, reduced to 27 percent for the Madaline, and further reduced to 19 percent for the hybrid Madaline. The trained weight matrices, which act like convolution filters, resembled the shape and magnitude of scatter point spread functions. All networks outperformed conventional convolution-subraction techniques using analytical kernels. With its spatially varying neural network model, the hybrid Madaline provided the most accurate and robust estimation of scatter and primary exposures.

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Joseph Y. Lo, Alan H. Baydush, and Carey E. Floyd Jr. "Spatially varying scatter compensation for chest radiographs using a hybrid Madaline artificial neural network", Proc. SPIE 2167, Medical Imaging 1994: Image Processing, (11 May 1994); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.175095

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KEYWORDS

Image segmentation

Matrices

Neural networks

Convolution

Chest

Radiography

Lung

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