Applications of fractal analysis in the evaluation of halftoning algorithms and a fractal-based halftoning scheme

Theophano Mitsa; Jennifer R. Alford

doi:10.1117/12.172671

1 May 1994 Applications of fractal analysis in the evaluation of halftoning algorithms and a fractal-based halftoning scheme

Theophano Mitsa, Jennifer R. Alford

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 2179, Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display V; (1994) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.172671
Event: IS&T/SPIE 1994 International Symposium on Electronic Imaging: Science and Technology, 1994, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

Fractals are mathematical sets that model many natural phenomena and physical object such as clouds, mountains, trees, and coastlines. The principal features of fractal objects are: (1) a large degree of heterogeneity, (2) scaling similarity over many scales of observation, and (3) the lack of a well-defined (or characteristic) scale. In this paper, we investigate the applications of fractal analysis in halftoning. Specifically, we first investigate and compare the fractal properties of aperiodic constant-gray-level halftone patterns produced by error diffusion, the blue-noise mask, and white noise. Then, given that the fractal dimension of an image area can predict the perceived smoothness or roughness of this area's texture, we describe an error diffusion scheme where the error weights depend on the local fractal dimension of the gray scale image prior to halftoning. The resulting halftones have less grainy flat areas and sharper edges than standard error diffusion with perturbed weights. This can be attributed to incorporation of texture information in the ehalftoning scheme that distributes the halftoning error in proportion to local texture roughness and therefore diffuses it in the areas where it is least visible.

Citation Download Citation

Theophano Mitsa and Jennifer R. Alford "Applications of fractal analysis in the evaluation of halftoning algorithms and a fractal-based halftoning scheme", Proc. SPIE 2179, Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display V, (1 May 1994); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.172671

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available