Low-cost telecine detection for real-time video coding

Robert M. Armitano

doi:10.1117/12.337416

22 January 1999 Low-cost telecine detection for real-time video coding

Robert M. Armitano

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 3528, Multimedia Systems and Applications; (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.337416
Event: Photonics East (ISAM, VVDC, IEMB), 1998, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

Real-time inverse-telecine detection algorithms are important video pre-processing components in video- compression systems. Conversion of film source material to NTSC video is typically performed using a frame rate conversion algorithm called 3-2 pulldown or telecine. The telecine algorithm generates duplicate video fields to convert from film's 24 frames per second, to NTSC's 29.97 fps. This redundancy is exploited in video-compression algorithms such as MPEG-2. Instead of encoding the repeated field, the compression algorithm sets a flag, indicating a repeated field, minimizing the redundant information that is encoded. Using the inverse-telecine algorithm to encode film-source video preserves information integrity with a ten-percent bitrate reduction. Detection of the telecine 3-2 pulldown pattern is achieved using field differencing, where repeated fields are detected as anomalies in the frame difference signal. Knowledge of the pulldown pattern and local statistics enhance the detection of repeated fields. Since the pulldown pattern repeats on an interval of five frames within a given field, only one repeated field will ie within a five-frame window. Detection of the repeated field is found by selecting the field with the smallest SAD value within the window. A correlation circuit ensures the number and pattern of repeated frames in the video source corresponds to an ideal telecine source. Comprehensive result using movie trailers and typical video sequence show excellent result for the 3-2 pulldown detection algorithm presented in this paper. One-pass detection of the 3-2 pulldown pattern and a low-delay low-complexity implementation is useful in commercial encoders tasked for compression of entertainment material originating on film.

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Robert M. Armitano "Low-cost telecine detection for real-time video coding", Proc. SPIE 3528, Multimedia Systems and Applications, (22 January 1999); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.337416

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KEYWORDS

Video

Computer programming

Video compression

Sensors

Video processing

Image filtering

Nonlinear filtering

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