25 September 2013Real time evolution of antimony deposition for high performance alkali photocathode development
Junqi Xie, Marcel Demarteau, Robert Wagner, Edward May, Jiang Zhang, Miguel Ruiz-Oses, Xue Liang, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Klaus Attenkofer, Susan Schubert, John Smedley, Jared Wong, Howard Padmore
Junqi Xie,1 Marcel Demarteau,1 Robert Wagner,1 Edward May,1 Jiang Zhang,1 Miguel Ruiz-Oses,2 Xue Liang,2 Ilan Ben-Zvi,2 Klaus Attenkofer,3 Susan Schubert,3,4 John Smedley,3 Jared Wong,5 Howard Padmore5
1Argonne National Lab. (United States) 2Stony Brook Univ. (United States) 3Brookhaven National Lab. (United States) 4Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (Germany) 5Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. (United States)
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The development of X-ray techniques opens new opportunities for real-time in-situ study of photocathode growth
process in details. The initial ultra thin Sb films during photocathode process were investigated on multiple substrates
based on different applications. The real-time X-ray scattering and post-growth X-ray reflectivity and diffraction
measurement were performed and analyzed. Experiment results indicate that Sb deposition performs a phase change
from amorphous to crystalline, the critical thicknesses are different on B33 float glass, Si and Mo. Two methods were
applied for film thickness calculation from X-ray scattering data, and they agree well with thickness monitor result. Sb
films deposited on different substrates show similar final film roughnesses. The real time x-ray study indicates that the
initial Sb layer deposition process on different substrate has different structure during deposition, the optimized
thickness of the initial Sb layer may varies depends on the substrate. This study also paved the road for further study of
the more complex alkali metal vapor diffusion process in photocathode growth.
Junqi Xie,Marcel Demarteau,Robert Wagner,Edward May,Jiang Zhang,Miguel Ruiz-Oses,Xue Liang,Ilan Ben-Zvi,Klaus Attenkofer,Susan Schubert,John Smedley,Jared Wong, andHoward Padmore
"Real time evolution of antimony deposition for high performance alkali photocathode development", Proc. SPIE 8847, Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications VII, 884705 (25 September 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024424
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Junqi Xie, Marcel Demarteau, Robert Wagner, Edward May, Jiang Zhang, Miguel Ruiz-Oses, Xue Liang, Ilan Ben-Zvi, Klaus Attenkofer, Susan Schubert, John Smedley, Jared Wong, Howard Padmore, "Real time evolution of antimony deposition for high performance alkali photocathode development," Proc. SPIE 8847, Photonic Fiber and Crystal Devices: Advances in Materials and Innovations in Device Applications VII, 884705 (25 September 2013); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2024424