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One of the challenges in indirect measurements of electrical activity is its representation as biologically-relevant features. Non-invasive techniques for controlling neural activity, such as optogenetics with simultaneous optical imaging, have emerged as powerful and versatile tools. We demonstrated Superfast Polarization-sensitive Off-axis Full-field (SPoOF) OCM to image changes to both the optical phase and birefringence from the electrical activity of neurons at cellular resolution for an entire network at a millisecond scale. Here, we demonstrate all-optical neurophysiology with SPoOF OCM and optical excitation as a non-invasive versatile technique for studying neural circuits at high throughput, and a method to convert optical metrics to biologically relevant electrical features.
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Rishyashring R. Iyer, Carlos A. Renteria, Jiho Kahng, Stephen A. Boppart, "All-optical neurophysiology using superfast polarization-sensitive off-axis full-field optical coherence microscopy (SPoOF OCM) at kilohertz frame rates," Proc. SPIE PC12365, Neural Imaging and Sensing 2023, PC123650F (17 March 2023); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2649258