Open Access
9 February 2017 Imaging extracellular potassium dynamics in brain tissue using a potassium-sensitive nanosensor
Joel Wellbourne-Wood, Theresa S. Rimmele, Jean-Yves Chatton
Author Affiliations +
Funded by: Swiss National Science Foundation
Abstract
Neuronal activity results in the release of K+ into the extracellular space (ECS). Classically, measurements of extracellular K+ ([K+]o) are carried out using K+-sensitive microelectrodes, which provide a single point measurement with undefined spatial resolution. An imaging approach would enable the spatiotemporal mapping of [K+]o. Here, we report on the design and characterization of a fluorescence imaging-based K+-sensitive nanosensor for the ECS based on dendrimer nanotechnology. Spectral characterization, sensitivity, and selectivity of the nanosensor were assessed by spectrofluorimetry, as well as in both wide-field and two-photon microscopy settings, demonstrating the nanosensor efficacy over the physiologically relevant ion concentration range. Spatial and temporal kinetics of the nanosensor responses were assessed using a localized iontophoretic K+ application on a two-photon imaging setup. Using acute mouse brain slices, we demonstrate that the nanosensor is retained in the ECS for extended periods of time. In addition, we present a ratiometric ve
CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
Joel Wellbourne-Wood, Theresa S. Rimmele, and Jean-Yves Chatton "Imaging extracellular potassium dynamics in brain tissue using a potassium-sensitive nanosensor," Neurophotonics 4(1), 015002 (9 February 2017). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.NPh.4.1.015002
Received: 9 December 2016; Accepted: 19 January 2017; Published: 9 February 2017
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CITATIONS
Cited by 16 scholarly publications and 1 patent.
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KEYWORDS
Potassium

Nanosensors

Luminescence

Brain

Dendrimers

Tissues

Neuroimaging

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