Open Access
22 October 2020 Far-infrared photodetection in graphene nanoribbon heterostructures with black-phosphorus base layers
Maxim Ryzhii, Victor Ryzhii, Petr P. Maltsev, Dmitry S. Ponomarev, Vladimir G. Leiman, Valery E. Karasik, Vladimir Mitin, Michael S. Shur, Taiichi Otsuji
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Abstract

We propose far-infrared photodetectors with the graphene nanoribbon (GNR) array as the photosensitive element and the black phosphorus (bP) base layer (BL). The operation of these GNR infrared photodetectors (GNR-IPs) is associated with the interband photogeneration of the electron–hole pairs in the GNR array followed by the tunneling injection of either electrons or holes into a wide gap bP BL. The GNR-IP operating principle is akin to that of the unitraveling-carrier photodiodes based on the standard semiconductors. Due to a narrow energy gap in the GNRs, the proposed GNR-IPs can operate in the far-, mid-, and near-infrared spectral ranges. The cut-off photon energy, which is specified by the GNR energy gap (i.e., is dictated by the GNR width), can be in the far-infrared range, being smaller that the energy gap of the bP BL of ΔG  ≃  300  meV. Using the developed device models of the GNR-IPs and the GNR-IP terahertz photomixers, we evaluate their characteristics and predict their potential performance. The speed of the GNR-IP response is determined by rather short times: the photocarrier try-to-escape time and the photocarrier transit time across the BL. Therefore, the GNR-IPs could operate as terahertz photomixers. The excitation of the plasma oscillations in the GNR array might result in a strong resonant photomixing.

CC BY: © The Authors. Published by SPIE under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported License. Distribution or reproduction of this work in whole or in part requires full attribution of the original publication, including its DOI.
Maxim Ryzhii, Victor Ryzhii, Petr P. Maltsev, Dmitry S. Ponomarev, Vladimir G. Leiman, Valery E. Karasik, Vladimir Mitin, Michael S. Shur, and Taiichi Otsuji "Far-infrared photodetection in graphene nanoribbon heterostructures with black-phosphorus base layers," Optical Engineering 60(8), 082002 (22 October 2020). https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.60.8.082002
Received: 26 May 2020; Accepted: 19 August 2020; Published: 22 October 2020
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Cited by 1 scholarly publication.
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KEYWORDS
Electrons

Plasmonics

Photodetectors

Graphene

Heterojunctions

Modulation

Optical engineering

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