We report performance characteristics for High Dynamic Range Integrated (HDRI) 10 Gb/s receiver. The receiver is based on hybrid integration of a MEMS actuator and 10 Gb/s photodetector in a differential output coplanar package. A free space micro-optics approach provides a compact coupling scheme with minimal insertion loss and packaging complexity. The presented integration concept is compatible with both P-I-N and avalanche photodiodes (APD). When packaged with an APD, the HDRI 10 Gb/s receiver demonstrates a dynamic range in excess of 40 dB with typical back-to-back sensitivity of -25 dBm with a 231-1 PRBS 10 Gb/s data stream using NRZ format. The HDRI receiver provides a cost-effective alternative to a discretely packaged variable optical attenuator (VOA) and 10 Gb/s receiver combination, resulting in substantial reduction in size, fiber management, and total insertion loss. The HDRI receiver may be used in both long haul and dynamic metro networks.
Raman excited spin coherences were experimentally observed in nitrogen-vacancy (N-V) diamond color centers via nondegenerate four-wave mixing (NDFWM) and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT). The maximal EIT-induced absorption suppression was found to be 17%, which corresponds to 70% of what is possible given the four possible geometric orientations of the N-V center in diamond. The properties of these coherences are discussed in the context of potential applications to solid-state quantum computing and high-temperature spectral hole burning memories.
We report ultraslow group velocities of light in a solid. Light speeds as slow as 45 m/s were observed, corresponding to a group delay of 66 microsecond(s) in a 3-mm thick, optically dense crystal of Pr doped Y2SiO5. Reduction of the group velocity is accomplished by using a sharp spectral feature in absorption and dispersion that is produced by resonance Raman excitation of a ground-state spin coherence. Potential applications of slow and stopped light for the highly efficient storage and recall of optical data are discussed.
The optical properties of four Tm3+ chelates, specifically (beta) -diketone tris chelates of thulium, in a poly(methyl methacrylate) matrix are presented. Samples under investigation were the Tm3+ complexes formed using thulium chloride (TmCl3 (DOT) 6H2O) with thenoyltrifluoroacetylacetone (TTFA), 1,1,1-trifluoro-2,4- pentanedione (TFD), 1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione (PBD), and 1,3- diphenyl-1,3-propanedione (DBM) ligands. These materials are interesting from the point of view of potential applications for optical hole-burning frequency and time-domain storage and processing. Optical absorption, steady state and time-resolved photoluminescence, and spectral hole-burning at the transition between 3H6(1) and 3H4(1) crystal-field levels were studied at temperatures between 1.4 and 300 K.
A simple optical method for studying vibration has been developed and applied to the investigation of a commercial closed cycle refrigeration (CCR) system. This method utilizes an amplitude modulation of a laser beam by the knife-edge attached to the cold finger of the CCR system. The sensitivity of the proposed optical technique is determined by the diameter of the focused laser beam and a displacement of 1 micrometers is readily detectable. For the system CRYO Model 396-022 based on CTI CRYODYNE Model 22 refrigerator, experimental studies were conducted for different cold finger temperatures, cold head orientations, and mechanical holders. The total amplitude of the displacement was on the order of 50 micrometers for a cold head fixed into rigid mechanical holder placed on the optical table and 30 micrometers for the same holder placed on a special stand decoupled from the optical table. Three main frequency components at 3 Hz, 60 Hz, and 120 Hz have been observed.
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