In this contribution, a technical development of the laser scattering measurement for laser removal of graffiti is reported. This study concentrates on the removal of graffiti from metal surfaces. Four colored graffiti paints were applied to stainless steel samples. Cleaning efficiency was evaluated by the laser scattering system. In this study, an angular laser removal of graffiti was attempted to examine the removal process under practical conditions. A Q-switched Nd:YAG laser operating at 1.06 microns with the repetition rate of 1 Hz was used to remove graffiti from stainless steel samples. The laser fluence was investigated from 0.1 J/cm2 to 7 J/cm2. The laser parameters to achieve the removal effectiveness were determined by using the laser scattering system. This study strongly leads to further development of the potential online surface inspection for the removal of graffiti.
In recent years, oil spills have become a significant environmental problem in Thailand. This paper presents a laser treatment for controlled-clean up oil spill from coastal rocks. The cleaning of various types of coastal rocks polluted by the spill was investigated by using a quasi CW diode laser operating at 808 nm. The laser power was attempted from 1 W to 70 W. The result is shown to lead to the laser removal of oil spill, without damaging the underlying rocks. In addition, the cleaning efficiency is evaluated using an optical microscope. This study shows that the laser technology would provide an attractive alternative to current cleaning methods to remove oil spill from coastal rocks.
The Arc Discharge Drawing (ADD) technique offers a promising alternative for fabricating silica nanowires. In the previous study, ADD technique was based on the creation of a high voltage glow discharge between two electrodes. Such a configuration provides the heat zone that occurs perpendicularly to the fiber. With ADD technique, silica wires with diameters as small as 50 nm were achieved. Despite these successes the further development is meant to be continued. In this paper, ADD technique is improved by adding a pair of electrodes. The arc discharge apparatus consisting of four electrodes is proposed. The arranged two pairs of electrodes offer the sandwich-heat source configuration. The computer-controlled stage allows the drawing speeds in the range of 12 mm/s to 25 mm/s. The nanowires can be produced by varying the voltage in the range of 4 kV to 5 kV. The optimum operational voltage is investigated by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of the fabricated nanowires. This result strongly suggests further improvements in glass fiber drawing technology to produce nanowires.
In recent years, several activities have been toward optically pumped molecular gas lasers as mid-infrared coherent sources. These have been also motivated by the search of suitable laser media for Hollow-core Optical Fiber Gas Laser (HOFGLAS) and the novel beam combiner. To continue these challenge paths, an optically pumped Hydrogen Iodide (HI) laser is explored by using a comprehensive laser model. HI transitions in the communication band (1.5 μm) are attractive due to a potential mean to be excited by commercial available laser systems. Furthermore, its emission coverage in 5 micron region can be useful for many applications, for example, free-space communication and laser spectroscopy. In the laser model, 30 rotational states in each of the 8 vibrational states of HI are taken into account to allow molecular energy transfer processes such as rotational relaxation and vibrational relaxation. A HI laser under pulsed excitation on a second overtone transition with lasing cascade is possible. The complete lasing cascade originates from the terminal pumped state (vibrational state, V = 3) to the vibrational state, V = 2, from the vibrational state, V = 2 to the vibrational state, V = 1 and finally from the vibrational state, V = 1 to the vibrational ground state. For the full lasing cascade, the laser efficiencies can be approached to 70%. In addition, the lasing behavior of the gas pressure related to the molecular relaxation rates and pressure broadening effects is also investigated. Owing to exceptional frequency tuning properties, the laser output can be manipulated to desired frequencies.
An optically pumped overtone HBr laser is investigated experimentally and theoretically. The frequency tuning and
stabilization of the Nd:YAG pump laser is described. Results of HBr laser emission are presented. The simulation shows
promising features of both pulsed and cw pumped systems concerning efficiency, frequency tuning and heat dissipation.
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