In the fields of quantum computing and atomic clocks different technologies are competing to provide the best performances in terms of gate fidelity, coherence, and number of qubits. In this landscape, three-dimensional fabrication technologies bring an added value allowing more complex but precise electrode arrangements ideal for ion trapping.
In this research, we present two 3D monolithic Paul traps produced in fused silica with femtosecond selective laser etching techniques, combined with metal coating. Monolithic design ensures intrinsic alignment of the trap electrodes down to the micron, being all produced in a single fabrication step. Precise alignment, combined with three-dimensional electrode arrangement, creates a disruptive advantage for quantum devices’ architecture. We will showcase the performance benchmarks of our traps, including the heating rate and trap harmonicity, using laser-cooled chains of Calcium ions.
The miniaturization of photonic integrated systems requires new monolithically integrated components and micro-fabrication technologies able to guarantee high resolution and to enable a wide and cost-effective deployment. Laser-based glass micro-machining allows writing 3D waveguides within the bulk of the glass, which can be used as photonic wire connections within photonic integrated circuits or their package and assembly components to guarantee effective fiber-chip or chip-to-chip connectivity. In this article, we present low-loss fused silica waveguides and their performance in terms of mode field diameter (MFD) as well as insertion, propagation and bending losses at different wavelengths in the telecom NIR windows. For a comprehensive analysis, a comparison with state-of-the-art waveguides fabricated either in fused silica or in borofloat 33 is provided. Specific examples of tapers, mode field converters, or fan-in/-out devices are presented to fully demonstrate the potential of our laser-based micro-machined low-loss silica waveguides for packaging and assembly applications in integrated photonics.
Integrated photonics represents a fast-growing market targeting an increasing number of stakeholders and application fields. With its fabrication platform for advanced integrated photonic components in glass, FEMTOprint can produce high-precision optical and opto-mechanical connectors monolithically aligned with micro-optical elements within a single fabrication process. Therefore, no extra alignment is required and all optical elements can be positioned with sub-micron precision. We will present examples of the most common building blocks used for Integrated Photonics Circuits, i.e. fiber inlets for passive alignment, optical 3D waveguides as well as micro-optical elements for beam shaping such as micro-lenses and micro-mirrors.
Integrated photonics represents a fast-growing market targeting an increasing number of stakeholders and application fields. With its fabrication platform for advanced integrated photonic components in glass, FEMTOprint can produce high-precision optical and opto-mechanical connectors monolithically aligned with micro-optical elements within a single fabrication process. Therefore, no extra alignment is required and all optical elements can be positioned with sub-micron precision. We will present examples of the most common building blocks used for Integrated Photonics Circuits, i.e. fiber inlets for passive alignment, optical 3D waveguides as well as micro-optical elements for beam shaping such as micro-lenses and micro-mirrors.
Suspended microchannel resonators (SMRs) are sensitive biosensors for microgravimetric analysis. In this work, an innovative glass SMR was monolithically manufactured by a femtosecond laser technique coupled with a wet etching. The SMR was used to analyze liquids with different density, thanks to a 1.04·10−3 kg/m3 density resolution, comparable with the state-of-art silicon-based SMRs. The effective biosensing capability was demonstrated by evaluating the microbial load of different concentrations of P. fluorescens. This innovative and completely transparent SMR can be exploited for real time biosensing, associated with a microscope analysis. Rapid and cost-effective 3D FEMTOPRINT technology can sustain industrial production for point-of-care devices.
We present our latest advances in the field of miniature optical particulate matter sensors. By illuminating a single particle in an air channel, one can record the light scattering signature with a CMOS image sensor and then classify particles. This signature is optically pre-processed with an advanced, millimeter-sized, monolithic, refracto-reflective optical system. It performs notably a Fourier transform with very wide field of view of scattering angles, and includes as well integrated fluidics and alignment. Functional prototypes were fabricated using laser micro machining on glass, selective polishing, and were replicated with epoxy resin using a molding process.
Plasmonic dipole antennas are powerful optical devices for many applications since they combine a high field
enhancement with outstanding tunability of their resonance frequency. The field enhancement, which is mainly localized
inside the nanogap between both arms, is strong enough to generate attractive forces for trapping extremely small objects
flowing nearby. Furthermore it dramatically enhances their Raman scattering cross-section generating SERS emission. In
this publication, we demonstrate how plasmonic antennas provide unique means for bringing analyte directly into hotspots
by merely controlling the optical force generated by the plasmon resonance. This technique is very suitable for
immobilizing objects smaller that the diffraction limit and requires a very little power density. In this work, 20nm gold
nanoparticles functionalized with Rhodamine 6G are trapped in the gap of nanoantennas fabricated with e-beam
lithography on glass substrate. The entire system is integrated into a microfluidic chip with valves and pumps for driving
the analyte. The field enhancement is generated by a near-IR laser (λ=808nm) that provides the trapping energy. It is
focused on the sample through a total internal reflection (TIRF) objective in dark field configuration with a white light
source. The scattered light is collected through the same objective and the spectrum of one single antenna spectrum is
recorded and analyzed every second. A trapping event is characterized by a sudden red-shift of the antenna resonance.
This way, it is possible to detect the trapping of extremely small objects. The SERS signal produced by a trapped analyte
can then be studied by switching from the white light source to a second laser for Raman spectroscopy, while keeping
the trapping laser on. The trapping and detection limit of this approach will be discussed in detail.
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