We discuss the specific features of the spatiotemporal variations in aerosol characteristics in the Arctic atmosphere on the routes of 89th and 90th cruises of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (September – November 2022). We present the average (over the period of expeditions) values of the studied characteristics: the aerosol optical depth of the atmosphere, the aerosol and black carbon concentrations, as well as the chemical composition of aerosol samples, i.e., the concentrations of the main elements, the concentrations of organic and elemental carbon, and the isotopic composition of carbon. Based on multiyear (2013-2022) data from expedition measurements, we present the results from a statistical generalization of aerosol characteristics for the atmosphere of the Kara Sea and southern part of the Barents Sea.
The results of measurements of the organic and elemental carbon concentration, the carbon isotope composition in atmospheric aerosol samples collected during the marine expeditions – the 83rd and 84th cruises of the RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh are presented in this paper. The measurements were carried out from June to August 2021 mainly in the waters of the Kara Sea (83rd cruise) and Barents Sea (84th cruise). It is shown that the aerosol in the northern part of the Barents Sea is formed due to anthropogenic and natural sources, while the background aerosol prevails over the Kara Sea.
We discuss the measurements of aerosol characteristics (aerosol and black carbon concentrations and aerosol optical depth) in 80th cruise of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh (August 2020) on the route from the Baltic to Barents Sea. We compare them with results from two previous expeditions (67th and 71st cruises of RV Akademik Mstislav Keldysh) and statistically generalize the data from three marine regions. The average aerosol and black carbon concentrations over the Baltic and North Seas are shown to be a factor of 2-3 larger than over the Arctic seas, i.e., Barents and Norwegian Seas. No significant differences between aerosol characteristics over Arctic seas are revealed. We discuss the average latitude-longitude distributions of aerosol characteristics, calculated on the basis of expedition measurements and MERRA-2 reanalysis data.
Results from local measurements of aerosol and black carbon concentrations in marine expeditions are burdened by technogenic impacts onboard research vessel and failures of instruments due to unfavorable operation conditions. In this report, we present an algorithm of automatic data filtering, ensuring the preparation of observation time series for a subsequent physical analysis. In addition, we discuss an artifact of recording negative black carbon concentrations, caused by insufficient aethalometer sensitivity in the region of the lowest concentrations. It is noted that, to overcome this problem, data should be averaged over a longer period of time, without disregarding negative concentrations.
We discuss the results of studying the aerosol optical depth (AOD) of the atmosphere and aerosol and black carbon concentrations over the Arctic Ocean and Far East seas in expeditions “Transarctic-2019” onboard RV “Akademik Tryoshnikov” and RV “Professor Multanovskiy”. The lowest aerosol content was observed in April 2019 in the region where RV “Akademik Tryoshnikov” drifted in ice: AOD (0.5 μm) = 0.67; NА ≈ 2 cm-3. The maximal average concentrations of aerosol (8.62 cm-3) and black carbon (179 ng/m3) were obtained in the southern part of the Barents Sea. It is noted that the average aerosol characteristics (and especially AOD) during summer 2019 over Arctic and Far East seas were higher than multiyear data due to outflow of smokes from massive forest fires in Siberia.
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