Rare earth doped microstructured fiber (MSF) is an excellent amplification carrier that can be effectively applied to high power fiber lasers. In order to improve the laser performance, it is very meaningful to compare the effects of different processes on the laser performance of rare earth doped core rod materials in rare earth doped microstructured optical fiber preforms. In this paper, the effects of different melting processes on the spectral properties of Yb-doped lithium silicate glass materials were studied. The simulation of the melting process of Yb-doped lithium silicate glass materials under different temperature fields was carried out based on COMSOL Multiphysics. The theory analyzes the causes of the different effects of the material spectrum. Based on the formulation of Yb-doped lithium silicate glass material, the temperature field under high temperature melting process, high temperature melting combined with ring oxyhydrogen flame melting process (referred to as secondary melting) was simulated and the spectral properties of the obtained glass samples were analyzed. The test compares the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the two smelting methods under the same formulation with the temperature field characteristics in the preparation process. The rare earth doped glass material prepared by the secondary melting process has good physical properties, superior spectral performance, and is more suitable for high power fiber. The core amplifying component of the laser - the conclusion of the preparation of rare earth doped microstructured fibers.
Photonic crystal fiber (PCF) can provide both large mode area and low numerical aperture, meanwhile, offer heavy doping rate, good beam quality, and effective dispersion control. Coherent combining is an effective way to further elevate output power of a fiber laser. It is hence very beneficial to develop high-power fiber lasers using coherent combining through a multi-core PCF. In this work, by using multi-core PCF design and coherent combining technique, we studied theoretically and experimentally the multi-beam coherent combining in PCFs. We adopted a symmetrical structure to arrange multiple fiber cores, and have air holes surround them uniformly forming the cladding. Between these cores are solid glass filled. With an appropriate design of PCF structure, the coherent combining of multiple laser beams can bring higher output power up to kilowatts, while maintain good beam quality. Based on the evanescent-wave coupling theory, the modal coupling among seven cores and nineteen cores was studied. It is shown that the evanescent coupling is much stronger than the diffractive coupling if the cores are close enough. In the experiment, we fabricated rare-earth doped double-clad seven-core and nineteen-core PCFs using a stacking-capillary method. The near-field and far-field images were adopted to observe the mode coupling. Since all laser beams pass nearly the same optical length in one PCF, the phase matching can be easily realized. The theoretical and experimental results were compared, which shows that this kind of integrated multi-core PCFs can be very good candidates to achieve high-power coherent beam combining.
High-birefringence photonic crystal fiber (PCF) has many applications in fiber lasers, optical fiber communications and sensors, and is usually made by arranging asymmetrical air holes in its cross section. Though this design can obtain high birefringence in the fiber, it may lose the structural symmetry of mode field, and increase difficulty when connected to other fiber-optic devices. In this work, we propose a new design with a capability of having both high birefringence and good structural symmetry. Our design is based on a photonic quasi-crystal (PQC) fiber structure, in which air holes are arranged in an aperiodic order in the cladding. This kind of PQC fiber can introduce controllable birefringence into the fiber core and maintain certain symmetry of mode field. Using the full vector finite element method, we studied the mode field, birefringence, loss and nonlinear effect of the proposed PCF. It is shown that a birefringence coefficient of glt;1.5x10-2 can be obtained at 1.55 μm.
Total-internal-reflection (TIR) typed fiber sensors based on photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are made by filling samples into PCF cladding holes, where the interaction of light wave occurs between the evanescent wave of fiber core and the filled samples. This can avoid common transmission losses caused by fiber surface roughness. The interaction region of the evanescent wave in a PCF and the filled samples are almost coincident, so increasing fiber length can enhance the light-matter interaction and enable accurate detection of tiny changes of samples. However, it is difficult to inject sample materials into stomatal cladding of TIR-typed PCF sensors due to small volume of pores. In addition, the energy utilization rates of TIR-typed sensors are relatively low, only about 6%. A main influencing factor on the sensitivity of TIR-typed PCF sensors is the power fraction of pores in the whole cross section. In order to improve the sensitivity, one can elevate the power fraction of PCF pores. Based on the above considerations, a novel three-core double-clad PCF is designed, where samples are injected into the middle hole and two Yd-doped cores are arranged on its two sides for active excitation. Our theoretical calculation and experimental test show that this kind of structure can not only increase the coupling efficiency of the evanescent wave into the air holes effectively, but also gain higher detection sensitivity of trace samples.
The cadmium silicate glass samples of 40SiO2-14Al2O3-(40-x) CdO-2Li2O-2K2O-2Na2O-xEr2O3 (x=0.15, 0.20, 0.25,
0.30, 0.35, 0.40 mol) was prepared by high-temperature solid-state reaction method, and it is pumped at 488 nm, 532 nm
and 800 nm respectively. The results indicate that the main peak wavelengths are at 547 nm, 731 nm and 1534 nm
excited at 488 nm. The relationship of the intensity between the emission light of 731 nm and Er3+-doped concentration
is nonlinear. Near-infrared light nearby 1534 nm is excited at 532 nm and 800 nm, but it is weaker at 800 nm. The glass
samples open a outlook of application for conversion luminescence materials.
Using an improved borosilicate glass with small third-order optical nonlinearities, i.e., nonlinear refractive index (NLRI)
and nonlinear absorption coefficient (NLAC), as the matrix and comparative glass, two types of Ho3+-doped glass are
prepared with a solid-phase smelting process at a relatively low temperature, and their third-order optical nonlinearities
are measured by the closed-aperture Z-scan technique using nanosecond laser pulses at 532nm wavelength. It is found
that the matrix glass possesses a positive third-order NLRI and a positive third-order NLAC, and both the third-order
NLRI and NLAC of Ho3+-doped glasses are one order larger than those of the matrix glass, respectively. Also, an open-aperture
Z-scan experiment and an optical limiting experiment further demonstrate that the Ho3+-doped glasses have a
high third-order NLAC. All the experimental results show that this Ho3+-doped glasses have good protection
performance for the 532nm-laser.
The glass samples of SiO2-Al2O3-CdO-Li2O-K2O-Na2O with different Nd3+-doped concentration are prepared by high-temperature
solid-state reaction method, and test the absorption spectrums as well as emission spectrum excited at 488
nm, 532 nm and 808 nm. The third-order optical nonlinear properties of glasses samples are investigated by the z-scan
technique. With the increment of doping concentration of Nd3+, the third-order nonlinear refractive index and the
absorption index increase, so it belongs to the self-focusing and reverse saturated absorption medium. The glass samples
open a outlook of application for nonlinear optical medium and excellent luminescence materials.
We have prepared (40SiO2-14Al2O3-(40-x) CdO-2Li2O-2K2O-2Na2O -x Eu2O3) cadmium aluminium silicate glasses
doped with europium by high temperature solid-state reaction method. The absorption spectra, excitation spectra,
emission spectra are obtained. With the increase of Eu2O3, the absorption peaks are founded increasing to the best doped
concentration and then reducing, which is nonlinear relationship. The charge-transfer band is moved to 320 nm due to
the addition of Cd2+. We can see that the ratio of peak in 591 nm and 615 nm is 0.6-0.75 in general, and is unrelated to
doped concentration. By changing concentration of Eu3+.We can adjust and mix different intensity of light according to
the demand.
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