The electrochemical properties of NiCo2O4 for using as electrode materials for the potential applications have been investigated by electrochemical measurement which composed of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic chargedischarge (GCD). These processes are generating the ion exchange between the electrode and electrolyte, wherein induce the surface change of the interface. Especially, since in the cycle ability measurement using the potentiostat needed to repeat the cycle into the electrode for many times, the effective of the electrode is reduced. In this research, digital holographic technique was used to investigate the different properties of interface of the NiCo2O4 electrode while operating under the various electrochemical techniques. In our DH recording, the surface change of the electrode was expose at the difference potential scan rate at 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 and 200 mV/s of CV, and the difference current densities at 1, 2, 3, 5, 10 and 20 A/g of GCD and vary times of cycle ability test every 50 cycle times to 1000 cycles. In the end the reconstructed DH images of the electrode have been used to analyze the results from electrochemical measurement.
The CuCoO2 sample has been synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction method to investigate electronic transport and optical properties for p-type transparent conducting oxide materials. The crystal structure was characterized by XRD. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured in the high temperature. The UV-VIS-NIR and FTIR spectra were analyzed at room temperature. The XRD peaks confirm the samples forming the delafossite structure phase. The Seebeck coefficient sign confirms the samples displays the p-type conducting. The electronic transport energy for activating free carrier production and conduction contain 0.276 eV and 0.131 eV, respectively. The optical direct gap is 3.65 eV which is a visible-transparent oxide material. These results support that the CuCoO2 oxide compound is p-type transparent conducting oxide materials.
In this paper, we have proposed the novel prototype of the portable fingerprint scanner. Using this method, the low coherence digital holography technique has been used to verify fingerprints. In our experiment, the Michelson’s interferometer has been setup first for determining the coherence length of a laser diode with wave length of 635 nm. In our model, the light transmission and reflection properties of the glass slide have been applied. Then, the glass slide has been used as a beam splitter for separating the light to two beams, which are the reference beam and fingerprint image bearing beam. The results show fingerprint pattern, which are reconstructed with numerical method.
The sample of CuFeO2 delafossite was synthesized by solid state reaction for studying alcohol gas sensing properties. The Seebeck coefficient and electrical conductivity were measured in the high temperature ranging from 300 to 960 K. The CuFeO2 gas sensing displays high sensitive to ethyl alcohol gas in sensitivity ranging from 70 to 93 % and responding in 2 to 4 minute. The electronic characterization on the sample exhibits p-type conductor and displays electrical conductivity ranging from 3 to 13 S/cm with activation energy in 49 meV. This study suggests that CuFeO2 delafossite is a new one to be candidate in oxide material for alcohol gas sensing.
In this paper, optical phase conjugate beam with the using of different resonator configurations has been investigate. Two types of SPPC resonators were selected to use, the first one is linear resonators formed by crystal surface and the other one is linear resonators formed by single mirror and a photorefractive crystal. In our experiment, cerium doped barium titanate crystal (BaTiO3 : Ce) and He-Ne laser with wavelength of 632.8 nm have been used. From the results of both cases, the angle of the incident beams is optimum at 37.95° respect to the normal line of the surface that parallel to the c-axis of the crystal. The generating time of OPC beam are 150 seconds and 330 seconds for the first and second type resonators, respectively. The reflection ratios are equal to 8.75% and 5% for the first and second type resonators, respectively (the first type resonators could provide better reflection ratio).
In this paper, we have solved nonlinear coupled-mode equations valid for light propagation in a one-dimensional photonic crystal by using numerical expression. Moreover, the medium in this problem has been considered as a nonlinear x(3) material. The numerical results have been used to calculate the conversion efficiency in nondepleted-pump limit. The results have been shown us that the maximum conversion efficiency of third-harmonic generation could be occurred when the fundamental field has been tuned near the lower band-edge of photonic band-gap that band-edge phase matched condition has been satisfied.
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