Teledyne Judson Technologies (TJT) has developed high operating temperature (HOT) mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR) photodetectors based on InAs/InAsSb type-II superlattice (T2SL) with an electron barrier. Large area discrete detectors of 0.25mm and 1mm diameters were designed and fabricated for front-side illumination. Comprehensive E-O characterization was performed at room temperature and thermo-electric cooled (TEC) temperatures. The unique fabrication process was developed for a quasi-planar structure, enabling simplified fabrication for low-cost large volume production. The detector shows a 50% cut-off wavelength of ~5.5μm at room temperature. Peak responsivity of 2.47 A/W was achieved on 1mm detectors at peak wavelength ~ 4.24μm, -0.3V bias and 295K. Peak quantum efficiency (QE) was 72% with an antireflection coating. The 1mm detectors showed peak detectivity (D*) of 1.9x109 cm-√Hz/W at -0.3V bias, 295K and 10 kHz. Dark current density as low as 1.17 A/cm2 was achieved at -0.3V bias and 295K on 1mm detectors. The dark current was diffusion-limited at higher temperatures above ~120K while it was dominated by either tunneling or surface leakage currents at lower temperatures. Similar results were obtained on 0.25mm detectors.
KEYWORDS: Sensors, Short wave infrared radiation, Mid-IR, Long wavelength infrared, Temperature metrology, Photodiodes, Quantum efficiency, Photons, Semiconducting wafers, Simulation of CCA and DLA aggregates
Weather satellite instruments require detectors with a variety of wavelengths ranging from the visible to VLWIR. The Cross-track infrared Sounder (CrIS) is a Polar Orbiting interferometric sensor that measures earth radiances at high spectral resolution, using the data to provide pressure, temperature and moisture profiles of the atmosphere. The pressure, temperature and moisture sounding data are used in weather prediction models that track storms, predict levels of precipitation etc. The CrIS instrument contains SWIR (λc ~ 5 μm at 98 K), MWIR (λc ~ 9 μm at 98 K) and LWIRs (λc ~ 15.4 μm at 81 K) bands in three Focal Plane Array Assemblies (FPAAs).
CrIS detectors are 850 μm diameter detectors with each FPAA consisting of nine photovoltaic detectors arranged in a 3 x 3 pattern. Molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown Hg1-xCdxTe material are used for the detectors fabricated in a modified Double Layer Planar Heterostructure (DLPH) architecture. Each detector has an accompanying cold preamplifier. SWIR and MWIR FPAAs operate at 98 K and the LWIR FPAA at 81 K, permitting the use of passive radiators to cool the detectors. D* requirements at peak 14.01 μm wavelength are ≥ 5.0E+10 Jones for LWIR, ≥ 7.5E+10 Jones at 8.26 μm for MWIR and ≥ 3.0E+11 Jones at peak 4.64 μm wavelength for SWIR. All FPAAs exceeded the D* requirements. Measured mean values for the nine photodiodes in each of the LWIR, MWIR and SWIR FPAAs are D* = 5.3 x 1010 cm-Hz1/2/W at 14.0 μm, 9.6 x 1010 cm-Hz1/2/W at 8.0 μm and 3.4 x 1011 cm-Hz1/2/W at 4.64 μm.
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