Electromechanical reshaping (EMR) has the potential to change corneal shape to correct refractive errors without altering the mechanical properties of the cornea. Using acoustic radiation force (ARF) to stimulate the cornea of ex vivo New Zealand white rabbit globes and optical coherence elastography (OCE) to detect corneal response, the cornea’s elasticity was quantitatively determined pre- and post-EMR treatment. In addition, an optical coherence tomography (OCT) system was used to determine changes in corneal curvature. Ultimately, EMR treatment induced a shape change in the cornea and the elasticity of the cornea was similar before and after EMR treatment, indicating minimal damage.
Proper ciliary dynamics is vital for effective mucociliary transport, the primary defense mechanism for the upper respiratory tract. Abnormal cilia behavior could lead to chronic respiratory disease, making it essential to conduct more detailed studies. In this study we present a multimodality system, specifically using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and phase-resolved spectrally encoded interferometric microscopy (PR-SEIM). We have already shown that PR-SEIM is capable of measuring cilia beat frequency ex vivo. Although we were able to visually identify the ciliary motion in the nasal cavity of rabbits in vivo, due to its sensitivity to motion artifacts, it has been difficult to quantitatively analyze ciliary dynamics. To overcome this obstacle, we incorporated OCT along with a high-speed laser source to compensate for bulk motion. Ultimately, this system will provide a way to study ciliary dynamics in its natural environment, thus allowing more in-depth understanding of ciliary functions.
We present an early release of our study utilizing a fiber-based Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) probe to acquire 3D images of the airway in sleep apnea patients. The probe, with a 1.3mm diameter, navigates from the nasal cavity to the vocal cords while rotating within a transparent protective sheath. Long-range OCT imaging (2-30mm) enables comprehensive airway visualization. Our approach facilitates airflow dynamic analysis, aiding in the identification of critical regions prone to collapse during sleep. This non-invasive technique promises to revolutionize sleep apnea diagnostics and personalized treatment planning, offering substantial benefits to patient care.
Significance: The human vocal fold (VF) oscillates in multiple vectors and consists of distinct layers with varying viscoelastic properties that contribute to the mucosal wave. Office-based and operative laryngeal endoscopy are limited to diagnostic evaluation of the VF epithelial surface only and are restricted to axial-plane characterization of the horizontal mucosal wave. As such, understanding of the biomechanics of human VF motion remains limited.
Aim: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a micrometer-resolution, high-speed endoscopic imaging modality which acquires cross-sectional images of tissue. Our study aimed to leverage OCT technology and develop quantitative methods for analyzing the anatomy and kinematics of in vivo VF motion in the coronal plane.
Approach: A custom handheld laryngeal stage was used to capture OCT images with 800 A-lines at 250 Hz. Automated image postprocessing and analytical methods were developed.
Results: Novel kinematic analysis of in vivo, long-range OCT imaging of the vibrating VF in awake human subjects is reported. Cross-sectional, coronal-plane panoramic videos of the larynx during phonation are presented with three-dimensional videokymographic and space-time velocity analysis of VF motion.
Conclusions: Long-range OCT with automated computational methods allows for cross-sectional dynamic laryngeal imaging and has the potential to broaden our understanding of human VF biomechanics and sound production.
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