The urology field's workhorse for both soft tissue and stone removal has been the flashlamp-pumped CTH:YAG or Ho:YAG (Cr3+, Tm3+, Ho3+) triple doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser for over twenty years. The transient pressure field profile of the vapor bubbles produced by laser pulses provides key insight for understanding kidney stone ablation and retropulsion. The goal of this study is to evaluate the transient pressure field profile of the vapor bubbles in water produced by the laser modes of a Ho:YAG laser. A hydrophone measures the transient pressure field from the laser lithotripsy fiber tip at various locations. Based on the symmetry of the device and environment, the transient pressure field ellipsoid can be constructed with the measurement results. The transient pressure field profiles are significantly different across the standard laser modes.
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