Solid-state surface systems are particularly attractive because of their modified electronic, lattice and spin structures, resulting in strongly altered physical and chemical properties compared with the bulk. We have recently developed Ultrafast Low-Energy Electron Diffraction (ULEED) in a laser pump/electron-probe scheme to explore optically-induced structural dynamics at surfaces on their intrinsic time scales. This talk will introduce the basic principles of ULEED and discuss our recent advances regarding the coherent vibrational control over the phase transition in indium nanowires on the (111) surface of silicon by manipulating the vibrational amplitudes of key lattice modes. This mode-selective control of solids and surfaces could open new routes to switching chemical and physical functionalities, enabled by metastable and non-equilibrium states.
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